当玩游戏时，你必须掷两个骰子，知道每一个骰子的赔率是很好的。 例如，滚出12的几率约为3%，滚出7的几率约为17%。
你可以用数学计算这些，但是如果你不懂数学，你可以写一个程序来完成。 要做到这一点，你的程序应该模拟滚动两个骰子大约10,000次，然后计算并打印出2，3，4，的百分比。 。。，12。
滚动2个骰子的状态空间
首先，我的问题来自概率百分比。 考虑到在36种可能性的状态空间中，只有6种可能性可以给出12种可能性，为什么概率是3呢？
正因为如此，我一直无法完成我的程序。 下面是我尝试的解决方案
from random import randint
dice_roll=[]
outcome =(2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12)
sim =10
for simulations in range(sim):
first_dice_roll = randint(1,6)
second_dice_roll = randint(1,6)
dice_roll.append(first_dice_roll + second_dice_roll)
sumi = sum(dice_roll)
print(dice_roll,"Dice roll")
你应该计算你看到每一个总和的次数（collections.counter很容易，但是你也可以使用字典）。 最后你可以除以卷数得到百分比:
from random import randint
from collections import Counter
dice_counts = Counter()
sim = 10000
for simulations in range(sim):
first_dice_roll = randint(1,6)
second_dice_roll = randint(1,6)
dice_counts[first_dice_roll + second_dice_roll] += 1
print(dice_counts)
# Counter({7: 1624, 8: 1421, 6: 1346, 5: 1120, 9: 1112, 4: 879, 10: 835, 3: 554, 11: 540, 2: 295, 12: 274})
print("percent rolled 12:", dice_counts[12]/ sim)
# 0.0274 (give or take)
我稍微修改了你的代码。 我用字典替换了结果列表，其中键是和，值是和出现的频率。 代码的输出也贴在下面。 你可以在下面看到骰子滚动的概率接近于数学上的预期。
注意:Python为randint使用了一个伪随机数生成器，这不是一个很好的近似，但不是真正的随机
from random import randint
outcome = {2:0,3:0,4:0,5:0,6:0,7:0,8:0,9:0,10:0,11:0,12:0} #map of sum:freq
sim =100000
for simulations in range(sim):
first_dice_roll = randint(1,6)
second_dice_roll = randint(1,6)
sum_dice = first_dice_roll + second_dice_roll
outcome[sum_dice] += 1
for key in outcome.keys():
print("Percentage for rolling a sum of %s is: %s"%(key,outcome[key]/sim*100))
输出量
Percentage for rolling a sum of 2 is: 2.775
Percentage for rolling a sum of 3 is: 5.48
Percentage for rolling a sum of 4 is: 8.179
Percentage for rolling a sum of 5 is: 11.029
Percentage for rolling a sum of 6 is: 13.831
Percentage for rolling a sum of 7 is: 16.997
Percentage for rolling a sum of 8 is: 13.846
Percentage for rolling a sum of 9 is: 11.16
Percentage for rolling a sum of 10 is: 8.334999999999999
Percentage for rolling a sum of 11 is: 5.5489999999999995
Percentage for rolling a sum of 12 is: 2.819
使用字典方法:
import random
rolls = {2:0,3:0,4:0,5:0,6:0,7:0,8:0,9:0,10:0,11:0,12:0}
for i in range(0,10000):
first_roll = random.randint(1,6)
second_roll = random.randint(1,6)
rolls[first_roll + second_roll] += 1
for k,v in rolls.items():
print(f"Percent Rolled:{k}={v / 10000}%")
输出:
Percent Rolled:2=0.0275%
Percent Rolled:3=0.052%
Percent Rolled:4=0.0834%
Percent Rolled:5=0.1123%
Percent Rolled:6=0.1394%
Percent Rolled:7=0.1652%
Percent Rolled:8=0.1413%
Percent Rolled:9=0.1102%
Percent Rolled:10=0.0853%
Percent Rolled:11=0.0554%
Percent Rolled:12=0.028%
该解决方案执行循环10，000次并更新卷字典，然后打印出每个卷的百分比。
您还可以通过以下操作轻松获得一定的滚转百分比:
print(f"11 Was Rolled: {rolls[11] / 10000}%")
输出:
"11 Was Rolled: 0.0554%"
