Microsoft Word中没有仅针对最后一页的页眉/页脚。

对于第一页、偶数页和默认页，可以有不同的页眉/页脚设置。如果没有定义其他内容，则默认页眉/页脚用于每页。因此，如果偶数页有页眉/页脚，并且奇数页和偶数页应不同，则默认页眉/页脚仅用于奇数页的页眉/页脚。如果没有这样的设置，则默认页眉/页脚用于每页。如果第一页设置了特殊的页眉/页脚，则第一页除外。

但是Word文档可以分成不同的部分。每个部分可能有自己的页眉/页脚设置。因此，当且仅当最后一页在自己的部分中时，那么只能为最后一页（最后一部分）设置不同的页眉/页脚。

不幸的是，apache poi不提供在XWPF中设置部分的方法。它只提供了在文档中设置三种不同页眉/页脚类型的方法。因此，要将XWPFDocument分成部分并为这些部分设置不同的页眉/页脚设置，有点作弊是必要的。

可以创建三种可能的页眉/页脚类型中的一种，只是为了以后将其设置为自己部分的默认页眉/页脚。以下示例显示了这一点。它为文档中的偶数页创建了一个页脚，该页脚从未被使用过，但后来被引用为最后一部分的默认页脚。请注意代码中的进一步注释。

当然，只有当一个人至少知道最后一页从哪里开始时，这才有效。这必须是知道的，因为在激光页面的内容之前需要设置节符。

import java.io.*;

import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.wp.usermodel.HeaderFooterType;

public class CreateWordDifferentFooters {

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

  XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument();
  XWPFParagraph paragraph;
  XWPFRun run;
  XWPFFooter footer;

  //create footers
  //footer for first page
  footer = document.createFooter(HeaderFooterType.FIRST);
  paragraph = footer.createParagraph();
  run = paragraph.createRun();
  run.setText("Footer FIRST");
  //default footer = footer for each what is not else defined
  footer = document.createFooter(HeaderFooterType.DEFAULT);
  paragraph = footer.createParagraph();
  run = paragraph.createRun();
  run.setText("Footer DEFAULT");
  //footer for even pages - gets default footer for page in last section later
  footer = document.createFooter(HeaderFooterType.EVEN);
  paragraph = footer.createParagraph();
  run = paragraph.createRun();
  run.setText("Footer EVEN = DEFAULT in last section");

  //the body content
  //section 1
  paragraph = document.createParagraph();
  run = paragraph.createRun();  
  run.setText("First page in first section ...");
  paragraph = document.createParagraph();
  run = paragraph.createRun();  
  run.addBreak(BreakType.PAGE);
  
  paragraph = document.createParagraph();
  run = paragraph.createRun();  
  run.setText("Second page in first section ...");
  paragraph = document.createParagraph();
  run = paragraph.createRun();  
  run.addBreak(BreakType.PAGE);
  
  paragraph = document.createParagraph();
  run = paragraph.createRun();  
  run.setText("Third page in first section ...");
  paragraph = document.createParagraph();

  //paragraph with section setting for section above and section break
  paragraph = document.createParagraph();
  org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTSectPr ctSectPrSect1 = paragraph.getCTP().addNewPPr().addNewSectPr(); //we need ctSectPrSect1 later
  
  //section 2
  paragraph = document.createParagraph();
  run = paragraph.createRun();  
  run.setText("Fourth and last page. Only page in last section ...");
  
  //section setting for section above = last section in document
  org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTDocument1 ctDocument = document.getDocument();
  org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTBody ctBody = ctDocument.getBody();
  org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTSectPr ctSectPrLastSect = ctBody.getSectPr(); //there must be a SectPr already because of the footer settings above
  
  //move first and default footer to section 1
  org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTHdrFtrRef ctHdrFtrRef0 = ctSectPrLastSect.getFooterReferenceArray(0); // first footer
  org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTHdrFtrRef ctHdrFtrRef1 = ctSectPrLastSect.getFooterReferenceArray(1); // default footer
  org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTHdrFtrRef[] ctHdrFtrRefs = new org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTHdrFtrRef[]{ctHdrFtrRef0, ctHdrFtrRef1};
  ctSectPrSect1.setFooterReferenceArray(ctHdrFtrRefs);
  //set "there is a title page" for section 1 to make first footer work
  org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTOnOff ctOnOff = org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTOnOff.Factory.newInstance();
  ctOnOff.setVal(true);
  ctSectPrSect1.setTitlePg(ctOnOff);
  
  //set footer reference of even footer to be default footer reference for last section
  org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTHdrFtrRef ctHdrFtrRef = ctSectPrLastSect.getFooterReferenceArray(2);
  ctHdrFtrRef.setType(org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.STHdrFtr.DEFAULT); //change this from STHdrFtr.EVEN to STHdrFtr.DEFAULT
  //unset "there is a title page" for the last section
  ctSectPrLastSect.unsetTitlePg();
  //remove first and old default footer references from last section
  ctSectPrLastSect.removeFooterReference(1);
  ctSectPrLastSect.removeFooterReference(0);
  
  FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("./CreateWordDifferentFooters.docx");
  document.write(out);
  out.close();
  document.close();
 }
}

这是使用当前的apache poi 5.2.0进行测试和工作的。