尽管有很多问题解决方案，但我仍然坚持使用ELException解决问题：
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'tilesConfigurer' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/tiles-context.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.el.ELException: Provider com.sun.el.ExpressionFactoryImpl not found
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1553)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactorygetObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:703)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:403)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:306)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4853)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5314)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:725)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:701)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:717)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:940)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1816)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: javax.el.ELException: Provider com.sun.el.ExpressionFactoryImpl not found
at javax.el.FactoryFinder.newInstance(FactoryFinder.java:101)
at javax.el.FactoryFinder.find(FactoryFinder.java:197)
at javax.el.ExpressionFactory.newInstance(ExpressionFactory.java:197)
at javax.el.ExpressionFactory.newInstance(ExpressionFactory.java:168)
at org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspApplicationContextImpl.<init>(JspApplicationContextImpl.java:46)
at org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspApplicationContextImpl.getInstance(JspApplicationContextImpl.java:76)
at org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspFactoryImpl.getJspApplicationContext(JspFactoryImpl.java:217)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer$TilesElActivator.createEvaluator(TilesConfigurer.java:407)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer$SpringTilesContainerFactory.createAttributeEvaluatorFactory(TilesConfigurer.java:374)
at org.apache.tiles.factory.BasicTilesContainerFactory.createContainer(BasicTilesContainerFactory.java:88)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer$SpringTilesContainerFactory.createContainer(TilesConfigurer.java:296)
at org.apache.tiles.startup.AbstractTilesInitializer.createContainer(AbstractTilesInitializer.java:114)
at org.apache.tiles.startup.AbstractTilesInitializer.initialize(AbstractTilesInitializer.java:64)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer.afterPropertiesSet(TilesConfigurer.java:270)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1612)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1549)
... 25 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.sun.el.ExpressionFactoryImpl
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1333)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1167)
at javax.el.FactoryFinder.newInstance(FactoryFinder.java:87)
... 40 more
我确信这不是由于Web应用程序代码中的任何用户影响，因为具有相同应用程序的另一台服务器运行良好并且两个应用程序的代码相同。两台服务器的环境看起来也相同。
我正在使用Apache Tomcat/8.0.37和oracle-java8-jdk-amd64。
以下是WEB-INF\lib使用的库列表：
activation-1.1.jar hibernate-c3p0-4.2.7.Final.jar lucene-analyzers-3.6.2.jar slf4j-simple-1.7.7.jar tiles-autotag-core-runtime-1.1.0.jar
amqp-client-3.3.4.jar hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.2.Final.jar lucene-core-3.6.2.jar snakeyaml-1.11.jar tiles-compat-3.0.3.jar
antlr-2.7.7.jar hibernate-core-4.2.7.Final.jar lucene-facet-3.6.2.jar solr-analysis-extras-3.6.2.jar tiles-core-3.0.3.jar
aopalliance-1.0.jar hibernate-entitymanager-4.2.7.Final.jar lucene-grouping-3.6.2.jar solr-core-3.6.2.jar tiles-el-3.0.3.jar
asm-4.2.jar hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar lucene-highlighter-3.6.2.jar solr-solrj-3.6.2.jar tiles-extras-3.0.3.jar
avro-1.7.5.jar hibernate-search-4.4.0.Final.jar lucene-kuromoji-3.6.2.jar spring-amqp-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar tiles-freemarker-3.0.3.jar
c3p0-0.9.1.1.jar hibernate-search-analyzers-4.4.0.Final.jar lucene-memory-3.6.2.jar spring-aop-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-jsp-3.0.3.jar
c3p0-0.9.2.1.jar hibernate-search-engine-4.4.0.Final.jar lucene-misc-3.6.2.jar spring-beans-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-mvel-3.0.3.jar
cas-client-core-3.1.12.jar hibernate-search-orm-4.4.0.Final.jar lucene-phonetic-3.6.2.jar spring-context-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-ognl-3.0.3.jar
cassandra-driver-core-2.1.2.jar hibernate-validator-5.1.0.Final.jar lucene-smartcn-3.6.2.jar spring-context-support-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-api-1.0.3.jar
cassandra-driver-dse-2.1.2.jar httpclient-4.3.3.jar lucene-spatial-3.6.2.jar spring-core-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-freemarker-1.0.3.jar
cglib-3.1.jar httpcore-4.3.2.jar lucene-spellchecker-3.6.2.jar spring-cql-1.1.0.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-jsp-1.0.3.jar
classmate-1.0.0.jar jackson-core-asl-1.9.2.jar lucene-stempel-3.6.2.jar spring-data-cassandra-1.1.0.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-mustache-1.0.3.jar
commons-beanutils-1.9.2.jar jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.12.jar lz4-1.2.0.jar spring-data-commons-1.9.0.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-servlet-1.0.3.jar
commons-codec-1.6.jar javaee-api-7.0.jar mail-1.4.7.jar spring-expression-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-servlet-wildcard-1.0.3.jar
commons-collections-3.2.1.jar javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar mchange-commons-java-0.2.3.4.jar spring-jdbc-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-velocity-1.0.3.jar
commons-compress-1.4.1.jar javassist-3.7.ga.jar metrics-core-3.0.2.jar spring-jms-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-servlet-3.0.3.jar
commons-dbcp-1.4.jar javax.mail-1.5.0.jar mvel2-2.0.11.jar spring-orm-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-template-3.0.3.jar
commons-digester-2.0.jar jawr-3.3.3.jar netty-3.9.0.Final.jar spring-rabbit-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar tiles-velocity-3.0.3.jar
commons-io-2.4.jar jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar ognl-2.7.3.jar spring-retry-1.1.0.RELEASE.jar validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar
commons-lang-2.6.jar jboss-transaction-api_1.1_spec-1.0.1.Final.jar oro-2.0.8.jar spring-security-cas-3.1.4.RELEASE.jar velocity-1.6.2.jar
commons-lang3-3.3.2.jar jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.12.jar paranamer-2.3.jar spring-security-config-3.1.4.RELEASE.jar velocity-tools-2.0.jar
commons-logging-1.1.3.jar jna-4.0.0.jar poi-3.10-FINAL.jar spring-security-core-3.1.4.RELEASE.jar waffle-jna-1.7.jar
commons-pool-1.5.4.jar jna-platform-4.1.0.jar poi-ooxml-3.10-FINAL.jar spring-security-web-3.1.4.RELEASE.jar
compiler-0.8.4.jar jstl-1.2.jar poi-ooxml-schemas-3.10-FINAL.jar spring-tx-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar xmlbeans-2.3.0.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar liquibase-core-3.1.1.jar postgresql-9.4-1200-jdbc41.jar spring-web-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar
ehcache-2.8.3.jar log4j-over-slf4j-1.7.7.jar quartz-2.2.1.jar spring-webmvc-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar
freemarker-2.3.20.jar logback-classic-1.1.3.jar stax-api-1.0.1.jar
guava-16.0.jar logback-core-1.1.3.jar slf4j-api-1.7.5.jar tiles-api-3.0.3.jar
下面是Tomcat8使用的/usr/share/java库的列表：
commons-dbcp-1.4.jar jsp-api-2.3.jar tomcat8-catalina.jar tomcat8-i18n-fr-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-jni.jar tomcat8-util-scan-8.0.37.jar
commons-dbcp.jar libintl.jar tomcat8-catalina-storeconfig-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-i18n-fr.jar tomcat8-jsp-api-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-util-scan.jar
commons-pool-1.6.jar tomcat8-annotations-api-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-catalina-storeconfig.jar tomcat8-i18n-ja-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-jsp-api.jar tomcat8-websocket-8.0.37.jar
commons-pool.jar tomcat8-annotations-api.jar tomcat8-coyote-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-i18n-ja.jar tomcat8-juli-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-websocket-api-8.0.37.jar
ecj.jar tomcat8-api-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-coyote.jar tomcat8-jasper-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-juli.jar tomcat8-websocket-api.jar
eclipse-ecj-3.11.0.jar tomcat8-api.jar tomcat8-dbcp-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-jasper-el-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-servlet-api-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-websocket.jar
eclipse-ecj.jar tomcat8-catalina-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-dbcp.jar tomcat8-jasper-el.jar tomcat8-servlet-api.jar
el-api-3.0.jar tomcat8-catalina-ant-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-el-api-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-jasper.jar tomcat8-tribes-8.0.37.jar
el-impl-2.2.jar tomcat8-catalina-ant.jar tomcat8-el-api.jar tomcat8-jdbc-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-tribes.jar
java_defaults.mk tomcat8-catalina-ha-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-i18n-es-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-jdbc.jar tomcat8-util-8.0.37.jar
javaee-api-7.0.jar tomcat8-catalina-ha.jar tomcat8-i18n-es.jar tomcat8-jni-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-util.jar
我已经将el-api、el-impl和jsp-api添加到 /usr/share/java，因为这些库在 /usr/share/java中找不到。
POM：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.company.test</groupId>
<artifactId>app</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<prerequisites>
<maven>3.0.0</maven>
</prerequisites>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<springframework.version>4.0.3.RELEASE</springframework.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>8.0.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.1.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>4.2.7.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>4.2.7.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
<artifactId>tiles-extras</artifactId>
<version>3.0.3</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.jawr</groupId>
<artifactId>jawr</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-cas</artifactId>
<version>3.1.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>3.1.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.10-FINAL</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>8.0.5</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
<artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.10-FINAL</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>16.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.cassandraunit</groupId>
<artifactId>cassandra-unit-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cassandra</groupId>
<artifactId>cassandra-all</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>9.4-1200-jdbc41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.4.7</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/documentation/package/resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF</directory>
</testResource>
<testResource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/test/resources</directory>
</testResource>
<testResource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/documentation/conf</directory>
</testResource>
</testResources>
<testOutputDirectory>target/test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
<testSourceDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.7</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.3</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>prod-resources</id>
<phase>prepare-package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-resources</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.outputDirectory}</outputDirectory>
<overwrite>true</overwrite>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/*.jks</exclude>
<exclude>**/*.xlsx</exclude>
</excludes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>documentation/package/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<filters>
<filter>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/application.properties</filter>
</filters>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.16</version>
<configuration>
<argLine>-Duser.timezone=UTC -Duser.language=en -Duser.region=US</argLine>
<threadCount>1</threadCount>
<includes>
<include>**/*Tests.java</include>
</includes>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/*IntegrationalTests.java</exclude>
</excludes>
<systemPropertyVariables>
<user.timezone>Etc/UTC</user.timezone>
</systemPropertyVariables>
<!-- <forkCount>3</forkCount> <reuseForks>true</reuseForks> -->
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<configuration>
<webResources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/jsp</directory>
<targetPath>WEB-INF/jsp</targetPath>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/tags</directory>
<targetPath>WEB-INF/tags</targetPath>
</resource>
</webResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.ow2.asm</groupId>
<artifactId>asm</artifactId>
<version>5.0.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<configuration>
<formats>
<format>html</format>
<format>xml</format>
</formats>
<check/>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<reporting>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<configuration>
<formats>
<format>html</format>
<format>xml</format>
</formats>
<check/>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-report-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.16</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.16</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</reporting>
</project>
但是，我仍然无法找到com. sun.el.ExpressionFactoryImpl
删除
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
对于这个jar有javax. el.ExpressionFactory
和tomcat8-el-api. jar有同一个。
这会引起冲突
删除此
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
并尝试与
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
<artifactId>el-impl</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
我尝试了所有已经回答的解决方案，但没有一个对我有用Spring Boot 2.1.3嵌入tomcat。以下依赖项对我有用
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
</dependency>
