当我部署一个简单的应用程序（与pymongo连接到阿特拉斯）到Heroku，我不知道为什么。
任何帮助将不胜感激
我的app.py是：
from flask import Flask
from pymongo import MongoClient
app = Flask(__name__)
client = MongoClient('mongodb+srv://XXXX:XXX@XXX.wmqfv.mongodb.net/XXX?retryWrites=true&w=majority')
db = client.two
@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
dic = {"num": 5}
result = db.XXXX.insert_one(dic)
print(test)
return 'Hello, World!'
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run()
过程：
web： Gunicorn0.0.0.0/0app： app
要求。txt:
单击==7.1.2
dnspython==2.0.0
烧瓶==1.1.2
Gunicorn==20.0.4
its危险==1.1.0
Jinja2==2.11.2
MarkupSafe==1.1.1
pymongo==3.10.1
Werkzeug==1.0.1
Application Logs
----------------
2020-07-21T09:53:01.292132+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
2020-07-21T09:53:01.292132+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 953, in _find_and_load_unlocked
2020-07-21T09:53:01.292173+00:00 app[web.1]: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '0'
2020-07-21T09:53:01.292439+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 09:53:01 +0000] [10] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 10)
2020-07-21T09:53:01.344153+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 09:53:01 +0000] [4] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
2020-07-21T09:53:01.344425+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 09:53:01 +0000] [4] [INFO] Reason: Worker failed to boot.
2020-07-21T09:53:01.439377+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 3
2020-07-21T09:53:01.479539+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed
2020-07-21T10:00:15.789793+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=damp-sands-34174.herokuapp.com request_id=bdd1aa3b-ca94-43eb-9308-6b128d972aec fwd="176.229.243.55" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes= protocol=https
2020-07-21T10:00:16.399866+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/favicon.ico" host=damp-sands-34174.herokuapp.com request_id=557ad907-034f-4130-833a-cf670d88e4d8 fwd="176.229.243.55" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes= protocol=https
2020-07-21T10:15:46.007045+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from crashed to starting
2020-07-21T10:15:48.983369+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `gunicorn 0.0.0.0/0 app:app`
2020-07-21T10:15:51.764314+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 3
2020-07-21T10:15:51.795932+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed
2020-07-21T10:15:51.648442+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 10:15:51 +0000] [4] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 20.0.4
2020-07-21T10:15:51.648983+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 10:15:51 +0000] [4] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:10888 (4)
2020-07-21T10:15:51.649088+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 10:15:51 +0000] [4] [INFO] Using worker: sync
2020-07-21T10:15:51.653204+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 10:15:51 +0000] [10] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 10
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658648+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 10:15:51 +0000] [10] [ERROR] Exception in worker process
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658649+00:00 app[web.1]: Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658649+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 583, in spawn_worker
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658650+00:00 app[web.1]: worker.init_process()
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658650+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 119, in init_process
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658650+00:00 app[web.1]: self.load_wsgi()
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658650+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 144, in load_wsgi
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658651+00:00 app[web.1]: self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658651+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658651+00:00 app[web.1]: self.callable = self.load()
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658651+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 49, in load
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658652+00:00 app[web.1]: return self.load_wsgiapp()
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658652+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 39, in load_wsgiapp
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658652+00:00 app[web.1]: return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658653+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 358, in import_app
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658653+00:00 app[web.1]: mod = importlib.import_module(module)
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658653+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658653+00:00 app[web.1]: return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658653+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658654+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658654+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 941, in _find_and_load_unlocked
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658654+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658654+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658654+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658655+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 941, in _find_and_load_unlocked
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658655+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658655+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658655+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658655+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 941, in _find_and_load_unlocked
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658655+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658655+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658656+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658656+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 953, in _find_and_load_unlocked
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658659+00:00 app[web.1]: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '0'
2020-07-21T10:15:51.658811+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 10:15:51 +0000] [10] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 10)
2020-07-21T10:15:51.686011+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 10:15:51 +0000] [4] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
2020-07-21T10:15:51.686111+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 10:15:51 +0000] [4] [INFO] Reason: Worker failed to boot.
**
程序文件（按建议更新）：
web:gunicorn应用程序：应用程序
Application Logs
2020-07-21T19:29:58.286330+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 19:29:58 +0000] [10] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 10)
2020-07-21T19:29:58.687285+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 19:29:58 +0000] [4] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
2020-07-21T19:29:58.796272+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 0
2020-07-21T19:30:00.333130+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `gunicorn app:app`
2020-07-21T19:30:03.005143+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 19:30:03 +0000] [4] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 20.0.4
2020-07-21T19:30:03.011621+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 19:30:03 +0000] [4] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:28266 (4)
2020-07-21T19:30:03.011794+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 19:30:03 +0000] [4] [INFO] Using worker: sync
2020-07-21T19:30:03.020734+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 19:30:03 +0000] [10] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 10
2020-07-21T19:30:03.022633+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 19:30:03 +0000] [11] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 11
2020-07-21T19:30:03.450232+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up
2020-07-21T19:30:36.257561+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H12 desc="Request timeout" method=GET path="/" host=gentle-hamlet-65639.herokuapp.com request_id=84e1107d-7dbe-4353-b560-e0d4523d1ce1 fwd="176.229.243.55" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=30004ms status=503 bytes=0 protocol=https
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336291+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-07-21 19:30:36,331] ERROR in app: Exception on / [GET]
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336299+00:00 app[web.1]: Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336300+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2447, in wsgi_app
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336301+00:00 app[web.1]: response = self.full_dispatch_request()
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336301+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1952, in full_dispatch_request
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336301+00:00 app[web.1]: rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336302+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1821, in handle_user_exception
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336302+00:00 app[web.1]: reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336303+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336303+00:00 app[web.1]: raise value
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336320+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1950, in full_dispatch_request
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336321+00:00 app[web.1]: rv = self.dispatch_request()
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336321+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1936, in dispatch_request
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336322+00:00 app[web.1]: return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336322+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/app.py", line 14, in hello_world
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336323+00:00 app[web.1]: result = db.Mirzakandov.insert_one(dic)
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336323+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymongo/collection.py", line 698, in insert_one
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336324+00:00 app[web.1]: session=session),
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336324+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymongo/collection.py", line 612, in _insert
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336325+00:00 app[web.1]: bypass_doc_val, session)
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336325+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymongo/collection.py", line 600, in _insert_one
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336325+00:00 app[web.1]: acknowledged, _insert_command, session)
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336326+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymongo/mongo_client.py", line 1490, in _retryable_write
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336326+00:00 app[web.1]: with self._tmp_session(session) as s:
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336327+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/contextlib.py", line 81, in __enter__
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336327+00:00 app[web.1]: return next(self.gen)
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336328+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymongo/mongo_client.py", line 1823, in _tmp_session
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336328+00:00 app[web.1]: s = self._ensure_session(session)
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336329+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymongo/mongo_client.py", line 1810, in _ensure_session
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336329+00:00 app[web.1]: return self.__start_session(True, causal_consistency=False)
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336330+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymongo/mongo_client.py", line 1763, in __start_session
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336330+00:00 app[web.1]: server_session = self._get_server_session()
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336330+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymongo/mongo_client.py", line 1796, in _get_server_session
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336331+00:00 app[web.1]: return self._topology.get_server_session()
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336331+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymongo/topology.py", line 490, in get_server_session
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336331+00:00 app[web.1]: None)
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336332+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymongo/topology.py", line 209, in _select_servers_loop
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336332+00:00 app[web.1]: self._error_message(selector))
2020-07-21T19:30:36.336339+00:00 app[web.1]: pymongo.errors.ServerSelectionTimeoutError: connection closed,connection closed,connection closed
2020-07-21T19:30:36.337739+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.65.248.108 - - [21/Jul/2020:19:30:36 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 290 "https://dashboard.heroku.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.116 Safari/537.36"
你没有正确使用Gunicorn。以下是它的使用说明：
usage: gunicorn [OPTIONS] [APP_MODULE]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-v, --version show program's version number and exit
-c CONFIG, --config CONFIG
The Gunicorn config file. [None]
-b ADDRESS, --bind ADDRESS
The socket to bind. [['127.0.0.1:8000']]
--backlog INT The maximum number of pending connections. [2048]
-w INT, --workers INT
The number of worker processes for handling requests.
[1]
-k STRING, --worker-class STRING
The type of workers to use. [sync]
--threads INT The number of worker threads for handling requests.
[1]
--worker-connections INT
The maximum number of simultaneous clients. [1000]
--max-requests INT The maximum number of requests a worker will process
before restarting. [0]
--max-requests-jitter INT
The maximum jitter to add to the *max_requests*
setting. [0]
-t INT, --timeout INT
Workers silent for more than this many seconds are
killed and restarted. [30]
--graceful-timeout INT
Timeout for graceful workers restart. [30]
--keep-alive INT The number of seconds to wait for requests on a Keep-
Alive connection. [2]
--limit-request-line INT
The maximum size of HTTP request line in bytes. [4094]
--limit-request-fields INT
Limit the number of HTTP headers fields in a request.
[100]
--limit-request-field_size INT
Limit the allowed size of an HTTP request header
field. [8190]
--reload Restart workers when code changes. [False]
--reload-engine STRING
The implementation that should be used to power
:ref:`reload`. [auto]
--reload-extra-file FILES
Extends :ref:`reload` option to also watch and reload
on additional files [[]]
--spew Install a trace function that spews every line
executed by the server. [False]
--check-config Check the configuration. [False]
--preload Load application code before the worker processes are
forked. [False]
--no-sendfile Disables the use of ``sendfile()``. [None]
--reuse-port Set the ``SO_REUSEPORT`` flag on the listening socket.
[False]
--chdir CHDIR Chdir to specified directory before apps loading.
[/home/kkinder]
-D, --daemon Daemonize the Gunicorn process. [False]
-e ENV, --env ENV Set environment variable (key=value). [[]]
-p FILE, --pid FILE A filename to use for the PID file. [None]
--worker-tmp-dir DIR A directory to use for the worker heartbeat temporary
file. [None]
-u USER, --user USER Switch worker processes to run as this user. [1000]
-g GROUP, --group GROUP
Switch worker process to run as this group. [1000]
-m INT, --umask INT A bit mask for the file mode on files written by
Gunicorn. [0]
--initgroups If true, set the worker process's group access list
with all of the [False]
--forwarded-allow-ips STRING
Front-end's IPs from which allowed to handle set
secure headers. [127.0.0.1]
--access-logfile FILE
The Access log file to write to. [None]
--disable-redirect-access-to-syslog
Disable redirect access logs to syslog. [False]
--access-logformat STRING
The access log format. [%(h)s %(l)s %(u)s %(t)s
"%(r)s" %(s)s %(b)s "%(f)s" "%(a)s"]
--error-logfile FILE, --log-file FILE
The Error log file to write to. [-]
--log-level LEVEL The granularity of Error log outputs. [info]
--capture-output Redirect stdout/stderr to specified file in
:ref:`errorlog`. [False]
--logger-class STRING
The logger you want to use to log events in Gunicorn.
[gunicorn.glogging.Logger]
--log-config FILE The log config file to use. [None]
--log-config-dict LOGCONFIG_DICT
The log config dictionary to use, using the standard
Python [{}]
--log-syslog-to SYSLOG_ADDR
Address to send syslog messages. [udp://localhost:514]
--log-syslog Send *Gunicorn* logs to syslog. [False]
--log-syslog-prefix SYSLOG_PREFIX
Makes Gunicorn use the parameter as program-name in
the syslog entries. [None]
--log-syslog-facility SYSLOG_FACILITY
Syslog facility name [user]
-R, --enable-stdio-inheritance
Enable stdio inheritance. [False]
--statsd-host STATSD_ADDR
``host:port`` of the statsd server to log to. [None]
--dogstatsd-tags DOGSTATSD_TAGS
A comma-delimited list of datadog statsd (dogstatsd)
tags to append to statsd metrics. []
--statsd-prefix STATSD_PREFIX
Prefix to use when emitting statsd metrics (a trailing
``.`` is added, []
-n STRING, --name STRING
A base to use with setproctitle for process naming.
[None]
--pythonpath STRING A comma-separated list of directories to add to the
Python path. [None]
--paste STRING, --paster STRING
Load a PasteDeploy config file. The argument may
contain a ``#`` [None]
--proxy-protocol Enable detect PROXY protocol (PROXY mode). [False]
--proxy-allow-from PROXY_ALLOW_IPS
Front-end's IPs from which allowed accept proxy
requests (comma separate). [127.0.0.1]
--keyfile FILE SSL key file [None]
--certfile FILE SSL certificate file [None]
--ssl-version SSL_VERSION
SSL version to use. [_SSLMethod.PROTOCOL_TLS]
--cert-reqs CERT_REQS
Whether client certificate is required (see stdlib ssl
module's) [VerifyMode.CERT_NONE]
--ca-certs FILE CA certificates file [None]
--suppress-ragged-eofs
Suppress ragged EOFs (see stdlib ssl module's) [True]
--do-handshake-on-connect
Whether to perform SSL handshake on socket connect
(see stdlib ssl module's) [False]
--ciphers CIPHERS SSL Cipher suite to use, in the format of an OpenSSL
cipher list. [None]
--paste-global CONF Set a PasteDeploy global config variable in
``key=value`` form. [[]]
--strip-header-spaces
Strip spaces present between the header name and the
the ``:``. [False]
因此，gunicorn的第一个参数是要运行的模块。如果要侦听所有地址，可以使用--bind或-b：
gunicorn -b 0.0.0.0:8080 app:app
但这在Heroku中并不是真正必要的，因为环境变量告诉Gunicorn绑定到什么地址。你可以这样做：
gunicorn app:app
