SQL LOWER 函数

一、SQL LOWER 函数 语法

SQL LOWER 函数 以小写形式显示结构化查询语言中的所有字符和字符串。它将小字符或一组小字符转换为大写字母。

我们还可以对 SQL 表的字符串字段使用 LOWER 函数。

语法1:此语法将 LOWER 函数与 SQL 表的列名一起使用:

SELECT LOWER(Column_Name) AS Alias_Name FROM Table_Name;

在语法中,我们必须指定要在其上使用 LOWER 字符串函数的列名。

语法2:此语法使用 LOWER 函数和一组大写字符(字符串):

SELECT LOWER(String);  

语法3:此语法使用带有单个大写字符的 LOWER 函数:

SELECT LOWER(upper_case_character);  

二、SQL LOWER 函数 示例

示例 1:以下 SELECT 查询将以下字符串的所有字符转换为小写:

SELECT LOWER(YIIDIAN IS A GOOD WEBSITE);  

输出结果为:

yiidian is a good website   

示例 2:以下 SELECT 查询无法更改以下字符串的字符,因为 LOWER 函数无法更改 SQL 中字符串的符号和整数。

SELECT LOWER(@#$12453@#);  

输出结果为:

@#$12453@#   

示例 3:以下 SELECT 查询将大写字母转换为小写字母:

SELECT LOWER(New Delhi IS the Capital OF INDIA);  

输出结果为:

new delhi is the capital of india   

示例 4:以下 SELECT 查询在输出中显示小写字符“S”:

SELECT LOWER( S );  

输出结果为:

s

示例 5:此示例对 SQL 表使用 LOWER 函数

在此示例中,我们将创建一个新表,其字符串列将包含大写字符。

以下块中提到了创建新 SQL 表的语法:

CREATE TABLE table_name  
(  
First_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of 1st Column),    
Second_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of the 2nd column ),    
Third_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of the 3rd column),    
...    
  
Last_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of the Nth column)  
); 

以下 CREATE 语句创建Student_Marks表:

CREATE TABLE Student_Marks  
(  
Student_ID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,    
Student_First_Name VARCHAR (100),    
Student_Middle_Name VARCHAR (100),    
Student_Last_Name VARCHAR (100),   
Student_Class INT NOT NULL,  
Student_City Varchar(120),  
Student_State Varchar (80),  
Student_Marks INT   
);  

下面的 INSERT 语句在Student_Marks表中插入大学学院的记录:

INSERT INTO Student_Marks (Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks) VALUES (4001, AMAN, ROY, SHARMA, 4, CHANDIGARH, PUNJAB, 88);  
  
INSERT INTO Student_Marks   
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks)   
VALUES ( 4002, VISHAL, GURR, SHARMA, 8, MURTHAL, HARYANA, 95 );  
  
INSERT INTO Student_Marks   
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks)   
VALUES (4007, RAJ, SINGHANIA, GUPTA, 6, GHAZIABAD, UTTAR PRADESH, 91);  
  
INSERT INTO Student_Marks   
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks)    
VALUES (4004, YASH, CHOPRA, SINGHANIA, 9, JAIPUR, RAJASTHAN, 85);  
  
INSERT INTO Student_Marks   
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks)   
VALUES (4011, VINAY, SHARMA, ROY, 8, CHANDIGARH, PUNJAB, 94);  
  
INSERT INTO Student_Marks   
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks)   
VALUES (4006, MANOJ, SINGHANIA, GUPTA, 5, GHAZIABAD, UTTAR PRADESH, 83);  
  
  
INSERT INTO Student_Marks   
(Student_ID, Student_First_Name, Student_Middle_Name, Student_Last_Name, Student_Class, Student_City, Student_State, Student_Marks)   
VALUES (4010, RAM, RAHEEM, GUPTA, 9, LUCKNOW, UTTAR PRADESH, 89);  

以下 SELECT 语句显示上述Student_Marks表的插入记录:

SELECT * FROM Student_Marks;   

输出结果为:

Student_Id Student_First_Name Student_Middle_Name Student_Last_Name Student_Class Student_City Student_State Student_Marks
4001 AMAN ROY SHARMA 4 CHANDIGARH PUNJAB 88
4002 VISHAL GURR SHARMA 8 MURTHAL HARYANA 95
4007 RAJ SINGHANIA GUPTA 6 GHAZIABAD UTTAR PRADESH 91
4004 YASH CHOPRA SINGHANIA 9 JAIPUR RAJASTHAN 85
4011 VINAY SHARMA ROY 8 CHANDIGARH PUNJAB 94
4006 MANOJ SINGHANIA GUPTA 5 GHAZIABAD UTTAR PRADESH 83
4010 RAM RAHEEM GUPTA 9 LUCKNOW UTTAR PRADESH 89

以下 SELECT 查询将 LOWER 函数与上述 Student_Marks 表的 Student_Last_Name 列一起使用:

SELECT Student_Last_Name, LOWER(Student_Last_Name) AS LOWER_LastName FROM Student_Marks;  

此 SQL 语句将上表中每个学生的姓氏转换为小写。

输出结果为:

Student_Last_Name LOWER_LastName
SHARMA sharma
SHARMA sharma
GUPTA gupta
SINGHANIA singhania
ROY roy
GUPTA gupta
GUPTA gupta

以下 SELECT 查询将 LOWER 函数与上述 Student_Marks 表中 Student_Id 大于 4002 的学生的 Student_First_Name、Student_City 和 Student_State 列一起使用:

SELECT Student_Id, LOWER(Student_First_Name), LOWER(Student_City), LOWER(Student_State) FROM Student_Marks WHERE Student_Id >4002; 

输出结果为:

Student_Id LOWER(Student_First_Name) LOWER(Student_City) LOWER(Student_State)
4007 raj ghaziabad uttar pradesh
4004 yash jaipur rajasthan
4011 vinay chandigarh punjab
4006 manoj ghaziabad uttar pradesh
4010 ram lucknow uttar pradesh

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