遵循评论中的@kleopatra建议，我实现了自己的NumberAxis：

public class FixedTicksAxis extends ValueAxis<Number> {

    // List of ticks
    private final List<Number> ticks;

    // Formatter
    private NumberAxis.DefaultFormatter defaultFormatter;

    public FixedTicksAxis(Number... ticks) {
        super();

        this.ticks = Arrays.asList(ticks);
        this.defaultFormatter = new NumberAxis.DefaultFormatter(new NumberAxis());
    }

    @Override
    protected List<Number> calculateMinorTickMarks() {
        return new ArrayList<>();
    }

    @Override
    protected void setRange(Object range, boolean animate) {
        final double[] rangeProps = (double[]) range;
        final double lowerBound = rangeProps[0];
        final double upperBound = rangeProps[1];
        final double scale = rangeProps[2];
        setLowerBound(lowerBound);
        setUpperBound(upperBound);

        currentLowerBound.set(lowerBound);
        setScale(scale);
    }

    @Override
    protected Object getRange() {
        return new double[]{
                getLowerBound(),
                getUpperBound(),
                getScale(),
        };
    }

    @Override
    protected List<Number> calculateTickValues(double length, Object range) {
        return ticks;
    }

    @Override
    protected String getTickMarkLabel(Number value) {
        StringConverter<Number> formatter = getTickLabelFormatter();
        if (formatter == null) formatter = defaultFormatter;
        return formatter.toString(value);
    }
}

NumberAxis是最终的，所以我不能对其进行子类化。

我不想复制/粘贴NumberAxis的内容，但是我不能为受保护的方法使用委托，所以除了复制/粘贴之外，我没有找到任何其他方法…

但它有效，使用：

 FixedTicksAxis yAxis = new FixedTicksAxis(30, 50, 70);

我们得到：