所以我一直在为我的编程课做一个关于抽象的作业,结果遇到了一个问题。我现在的目标是能够使用抽象,然后能够用矩形和椭圆形画一个简单的城市,就像矩形建筑或灯柱上的椭圆形灯。
我在编译时收到的错误是:MyTestApp. Rectange不是抽象的,并且不会覆盖MyTestApp.Shape中的抽象方法DrawEllipse(java.awt.Graphics)。此错误显示在类Rectgle扩展Shape{"行中,就在类Shape的正下方。
我的问题是我的抽象出了什么问题?我一直在搞乱矩形和椭圆类中的构造函数和draw()方法,现在仍然没有找到解决方案。
代码如下:
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class MyTestApp extends JPanel {
Rectangle rect;
Ellipse oval;
public static void main(String [] args) {
MyTestApp myTestApp = new MyTestApp ();
myTestApp.test();
}
public MyTestApp () { //creates the jframe
JFrame frame = new JFrame("MyClass Driver");
setBackground(new Color(200, 250, 200));
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500, 400));
frame.add(this);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public void delay(int msecs) {
try {
Thread.sleep(msecs);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
public void paint(Graphics g) {//paints the rectangle and ellipse
super.paint(g);
if (rect != null)
rect.drawRectangle(g);
if (oval != null)
oval.drawEllipse(g);
}
public void test() {//gives the x/y position, width/height, and fill/outline color for the rectangle and oval
delay(1000);
rect = new Rectangle(20, 30, 23, 75, Color.GREEN, Color.BLUE);
oval = new Ellipse(10, 10, 10 , 34, Color.RED, Color.MAGENTA);
repaint();
}
public abstract class Shape{//abstract class Shape that sets the x/y, width/height, and colors for the shapes
private int x, y, width, height;
private Color fillColor;
private Color outlineColor;
public Shape(int x, int y, int width, int height, Color fillColor, Color outlineColor) {
setXY(x, y);
setSize(width, height);
setFillColor(fillColor);
setOutlineColor(outlineColor);
}
public boolean setXY(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
return true;
}
public void setSize(int width, int height) {
if (width > 0)
this.width = width;
if (height > 0)
this.height = height;
}
public boolean setFillColor(Color fillColor){
if (fillColor == null) return false;
this.fillColor = fillColor;
return true;
}
public boolean setOutlineColor(Color outlineColor){
if (outlineColor == null) return false;
this.outlineColor = outlineColor;
return true;
}
public Color getFillColor() {
return fillColor;
}
public Color getOutlineColor() {
return outlineColor;
}
public abstract void drawRectangle(Graphics g);//do i need two?
public abstract void drawEllipse(Graphics g);//do i need both?
}
class Rectangle extends Shape{//!!!!!!!!!! where the error shows
public Rectangle(int x, int y, int width, int height, Color fillColor, Color outlineColor) {
super(x, y, width, height, fillColor, outlineColor);
}
public void drawRectangle(Graphics g){//draws the retangle
g.setColor(fillColor);
g.fillRect(x, y, width, height);
g.setColor(outlineColor);
g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);
}
}
class Ellipse extends Shape{
public Ellipse(int x, int y, int width, int height, Color fillColor, Color outlineColor) {
super(x, y, width, height, fillColor, outlineColor);
}
public void drawEllipse(Graphics g){//draws the ellipse
g.setColor(fillColor);
g.fillOval(x, y, width, height);
g.setColor(outlineColor);
g.drawOval(x, y, width, height);
}
}
}
感谢您的阅读和帮助!
Rectgle和Ellipse两个类都需要覆盖这两个抽象方法。
要解决这个问题,您有3个选择:
>
有一个方法来执行将扩展Shape的类的功能,并在Rectgle和Ellipse中覆盖该方法,例如:
abstract class Shape {
// ...
void draw(Graphics g);
}
和
class Rectangle extends Shape {
void draw(Graphics g) {
// ...
}
}
终于
class Ellipse extends Shape {
void draw(Graphics g) {
// ...
}
}
你可以在它们之间切换,像这样:
Shape shape = new Ellipse();
shape.draw(/* ... */);
shape = new Rectangle();
shape.draw(/* ... */);
再次,只是一个例子。
如果你试图利用多态行为,你需要确保外部类可见的方法(需要多态)具有相同的签名。这意味着它们需要具有相同的名称、参数的数量和顺序,以及参数类型。
在你的例子中,你可能会有一个通用的drak()
方法,并依靠子类(Rectgle
,Ellipse
)来实现drak()
方法,就像你一直认为的“DrakEllipse”和“DrakRectange”一样。