我在surf.h中有以下代码,其中声明了一个具有两种不同类型的模板类:
using namespace std;
template <typename T1, typename T2>
class surf;
template <typename T1, typename T2>
ostream & operator << (ostream & str, surf<T1,T2> & ov);
template <typename T1, typename T2>
class surf
{
public:
surf(T1 v1, T2 v2):
v1_(v1),
v2_(v2)
{}
friend ostream & operator << <T1, T2> (ostream & str, surf<T1,T2> & ov);
T1 v1_;
T2 v2_;
};
template <typename T1, typename T2>
ostream & operator << (ostream & str, surf<T1,T2> & ov)
{
str << "("<<ov.v1_<<","<<ov.v2_<<")";
return str;
}
typedef surf<int,double> intSurf;
然后定义一个新类,其中创建了一个类型为T的向量(在field.h中)
template<typename T>
class field;
template<typename T>
ostream & operator << (ostream & str, const field<T> & ov);
template<typename T>
class field
{
public:
field( int n, T val):
f_(n,val)
{}
friend ostream & operator << <T> (ostream & str, const field<T> & ov);
protected:
vector<T> f_;
};
template<typename T>
ostream & operator << (ostream & str, const field<T> & ov)
{
for(auto &fE: ov.f_)
{
str << fE << endl;
}
return str;
}
typedef field<intSurf> surfField;
在main.cpp中,我使用了这个字段。
#include "field.h"
int main()
{
surfField a(4, intSurf(2,5));
cout<< a << endl;
return true;
}
我用G++(版本5.4)编译它,得到以下错误:
从main.cpp:2:0:field.h:在“std::ostream&operator<<(std::ostream&,const field&)[with T=surf;std::ostream=std::basic_ostream]”的实例化中:main.cpp:9:9:需要从here field.h:36:7:错误:与“operator<<”(操作数类型为“std::ostream{又名std::basic_ostream}”和“const surf”)不匹配)str< 我在做什么?
您的运算符<<
重载缺少常量
template <typename T1, typename T2>
ostream & operator << (ostream & str, const surf<T1,T2> & ov);
// ^^^^^
//...
friend ostream & operator << <T1, T2> (ostream & str, const surf<T1,T2> & ov);
// ^^^^^
//...
template <typename T1, typename T2>
ostream & operator << (ostream & str, const surf<T1,T2> & ov)
// ^^^^^
//...
需要此常量,因为您试图显示来自常量字段
的元素