文件IHMDrawDates。使用pyuic5生成的py：
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_MplMainWindow(object):
def setupUi(self, MplMainWindow):
MplMainWindow.setObjectName("MplMainWindow")
MplMainWindow.resize(628, 416)
self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MplMainWindow)
self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
self.gridLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.centralwidget)
self.gridLayout_2.setObjectName("gridLayout_2")
self.mpl = MplWidgetTest(self.centralwidget)
sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.mpl.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
self.mpl.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
self.mpl.setObjectName("mpl")
self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.mpl, 0, 0, 1, 1)
self.groupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
self.groupBox.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(95, 16777215))
self.groupBox.setObjectName("groupBox")
self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.groupBox)
self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
self.buttonDrawDate = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox)
self.buttonDrawDate.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(75, 16777215))
self.buttonDrawDate.setObjectName("buttonDrawDate")
self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.buttonDrawDate, 1, 0, 1, 1)
self.buttonErase = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox)
self.buttonErase.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(75, 16777215))
self.buttonErase.setObjectName("buttonErase")
self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.buttonErase, 2, 0, 1, 1)
spacerItem = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(20, 40, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
self.gridLayout.addItem(spacerItem, 3, 0, 1, 1)
self.comboTema = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.groupBox)
self.comboTema.setObjectName("comboTema")
self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.comboTema, 0, 0, 1, 1)
self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.groupBox, 0, 1, 1, 1)
MplMainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MplMainWindow)
self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 628, 21))
self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
MplMainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MplMainWindow)
self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
MplMainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
self.retranslateUi(MplMainWindow)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MplMainWindow)
def retranslateUi(self, MplMainWindow):
_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
MplMainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MplMainWindow", "MainWindow"))
self.groupBox.setTitle(_translate("MplMainWindow", "GroupBox"))
self.buttonDrawDate.setText(_translate("MplMainWindow", "Draw"))
self.buttonErase.setText(_translate("MplMainWindow", "Erase"))
from mplwidgettest import MplWidgetTest
这是最好的。包含更新matplotlib样式的方法“settma”的py文件。打印变量rcParams时，它包含轴。facecolor:黑色，但不适用
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QSizePolicy, QWidget, QVBoxLayout
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import (
FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas,
NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar)
import matplotlib as mplib
class MplCanvas(FigureCanvas):
"""Class to represent the FigureCanvas widget"""
def __init__(self):
# setup Matplotlib Figure and Axis
mplib.rcParams.update(mplib.rcParamsDefault)
mplib.style.use('bmh')
self.fig = Figure()
self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
# initialization of the canvas
FigureCanvas.__init__(self, self.fig)
# we define the widget as expandable
FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
QSizePolicy.Expanding,
QSizePolicy.Expanding)
# notify the system of updated policy
FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)
def setTema(self, tema='classic'):
print(tema)
mplib.style.use(tema)
print(mplib.rcParams)
mplib.rcParams.update(mplib.rcParams)
class MplWidgetTest(QWidget):
"""Widget defined in Qt Designer"""
def __init__(self, parent=None):
# initialization of Qt MainWindow widget
QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
# set the canvas to the Matplotlib widget
self.canvas = MplCanvas()
# create a NavigatioToolbar
self.ntb = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)
# create a vertical box layout
self.vbl = QVBoxLayout()
# add mpl widget to vertical box
self.vbl.addWidget(self.canvas)
# add NavigationToolBar to vertical box
self.vbl.addWidget(self.ntb)
# set the layout to th vertical box
self.setLayout(self.vbl)
mainMplWidget。调用前面两个文件的py文件，并包含更改matplotlib样式的方法“cambiarTema”
import sys
from IHMDrawDates import Ui_MplMainWindow
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtGui import QCursor
import numpy as np
class DesignerMainWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MplMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(DesignerMainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
self.setupUi(self)
self.posX = []
self.posY = []
temas = ['bmh', 'classic', 'grayscale', 'seaborn-bright',
'ggplot', 'dark_background']
self.comboTema.addItems(temas)
# connect the signals with the slots
self.buttonDrawDate.clicked.connect(self.drawDate)
self.buttonErase.clicked.connect(self.eraseDate)
self.comboTema.currentIndexChanged.connect(self.cambiarTema)
def cambiarTema(self):
tema = self.comboTema.currentText()
self.mpl.canvas.setTema(str(tema))
self.mpl.canvas.ax.clear()
self.mpl.canvas.draw()
self.mpl.canvas.flush_events()
def drawDate(self):
x = np.arange(0, 100, 0.1)
y = np.sin(x)
self.mpl.canvas.ax.plot(x, y)
self.mpl.canvas.ax.relim()
self.mpl.canvas.ax.autoscale(True)
self.mpl.ntb.update()
self.mpl.ntb.push_current()
self.mpl.canvas.draw()
def eraseDate(self):
self.mpl.canvas.ax.clear()
self.mpl.ntb.update()
self.mpl.ntb.push_current()
self.mpl.canvas.draw()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = 0
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
dmw = DesignerMainWindow()
# show it
dmw.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
下面解释一下为什么设置新的样式不会更新现有的图形。
matplotlib。rcParams本质上是一个字典，它存储在matplotlib中创建对象时要使用的某些默认参数<代码>rcParams。更新将更新此词典update是pythondict对象的一种方法<代码>matplotlib。风格使用是更新rcParams的快捷方式，它将从文件或字典中加载相应的参数。
然后在创建新对象时使用这些参数。以一种简化的方式，这看起来像
def create_object(arg1, parameter1=None):
if not parameter1:
# use the default from the rcParams
parameter1 = rcParams["parameter1"]
obj = MatplotlibObject(arg1, parameter1=parameter1)
return obj
创建对象时使用这样的函数。但是，一旦创建了这样的对象，当rcParams中的内容发生变化时，它将不会再次运行。
obj = create_object(1)
rcParams.update({"parameter1" : "New Value"})
# at this point, obj would not know about the new parameter1 value
如前所述，有两种选择。
>
obj = create_object(1)
obj.set_parameter1("New Value")
重新创建对象。您可以删除现有对象，更新rcParams并重新创建对象，以便它使用新值。
obj = create_object(1)
del obj
rcParams.update({"parameter1" : "New Value"})
obj = create_object(1)
到目前为止，我找到的唯一解决方案是在文件mplwidgetest的“settma”方法中添加这两行。派克
self.fig.set_facecolor(mplib.rcParams['figure.facecolor'])
self.ax.set_facecolor(mplib.rcParams['axes.facecolor'])
完整的课程是：
class MplCanvas(FigureCanvas):
"""Class to represent the FigureCanvas widget"""
def __init__(self):
# setup Matplotlib Figure and Axis
mplib.rcParams.update(mplib.rcParamsDefault)
mplib.style.use('bmh')
self.fig = Figure()
self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
# initialization of the canvas
FigureCanvas.__init__(self, self.fig)
# we define the widget as expandable
FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
QSizePolicy.Expanding,
QSizePolicy.Expanding)
# notify the system of updated policy
FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)
def setTema(self, tema='classic'):
mplib.rcParams.update(mplib.rcParamsDefault)
mplib.style.use(tema)
self.fig.set_facecolor(mplib.rcParams['figure.facecolor'])
self.ax.set_facecolor(mplib.rcParams['axes.facecolor'])
但是，我不认为图形的每个属性都必须更改，如果它们应该在样式中定义的话。受祝福的matplotlib：-(
