总之，我似乎陷入了一个循环，pip认为我使用的是一个过时的pip版本，但当我尝试升级时，它不允许我。因此，我尝试安装（从这个问题中，Jupyter Notebook找不到python 3.6的模块）：
(automl) brandomiranda~ ❯ pip3 install ipykernel --upgrade
python3 -m ipykernel install --user
Requirement already up-to-date: ipykernel in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (5.1.3)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: jupyter-client in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipykernel) (5.3.4)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: traitlets>=4.1.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipykernel) (4.3.3)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: appnope; platform_system == "Darwin" in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipykernel) (0.1.0)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: tornado>=4.2 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipykernel) (6.0.3)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: ipython>=5.0.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipykernel) (7.11.1)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: jupyter-core>=4.6.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from jupyter-client->ipykernel) (4.6.1)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: pyzmq>=13 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from jupyter-client->ipykernel) (18.1.1)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: python-dateutil>=2.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from jupyter-client->ipykernel) (2.8.1)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: six in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from traitlets>=4.1.0->ipykernel) (1.11.0)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: ipython-genutils in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from traitlets>=4.1.0->ipykernel) (0.2.0)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: decorator in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from traitlets>=4.1.0->ipykernel) (4.4.1)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: backcall in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel) (0.1.0)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: pickleshare in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel) (0.7.5)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: pexpect; sys_platform != "win32" in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel) (4.7.0)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: prompt-toolkit!=3.0.0,!=3.0.1,<3.1.0,>=2.0.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel) (3.0.2)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: jedi>=0.10 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel) (0.15.2)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: pygments in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel) (2.5.2)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: setuptools>=18.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel) (39.0.1)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: ptyprocess>=0.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from pexpect; sys_platform != "win32"->ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel) (0.6.0)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: wcwidth in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from prompt-toolkit!=3.0.0,!=3.0.1,<3.1.0,>=2.0.0->ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel) (0.1.8)
Requirement not upgraded as not directly required: parso>=0.5.2 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from jedi>=0.10->ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel) (0.5.2)
You are using pip version 10.0.1, however version 19.3.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
Installed kernelspec python3 in /Users/brandomiranda/Library/Jupyter/kernels/python3
好吧，我会升级，但它认为它已经升级：
(automl) brandomiranda~ ❯ pip install --upgrade pip
Requirement already up-to-date: pip in ./miniconda3/envs/automl/lib/python3.7/site-packages (19.3.1)
但是，当我再次尝试安装时，它会失败，并显示相同的消息。这似乎是鸡和蛋的问题。有人知道发生了什么吗？
过时的：
我最近做了一个pip3列表，检查我在虚拟环境中安装了哪些模块/项目，并得到了升级pip的建议。我试过了，但似乎无法更新/升级。我做到了：
$ pip3 list
namespaces (4.2.0)
pip (8.0.2)
scikit-learn (0.18.1)
setuptools (19.4)
six (1.10.0)
wheel (0.26.0)
You are using pip version 8.0.2, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
所以我试着这么做，它说它起作用了：
$ pip install --upgrade pip
Requirement already up-to-date: pip in /Users/user/home_simulation_research/hbf_tensorflow_code/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
因为它说它已经读过了，所以我又做了一次pip3列表，它一直说我实际上没有升级它。由于使用标准pip命令更新不起作用，我尝试使用pip3进行更新，但仍然不起作用：
pip3 install --upgrade pip3
Collecting pip3
Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement pip3 (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for pip3
You are using pip version 8.0.2, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
为什么不起作用？
就在我认为它不起作用的时候，我试着用pip3升级pip，用pip3升级pip3。出于某种原因，后者似乎不起作用，但前者起作用。i、 e.做：
$ pip3 install --upgrade pip
已工作（或至少pip3列表）停止请求我升级。为什么呢？是我一个人干的，还是这种行为真的很奇怪？
当您运行pip3 list时，您列出了为python3安装的包，当您运行pip安装-升级pip时，您正在检查python2包的更新会出现错误，因为没有名为pip3的包，pip3是pip包中提供的命令行工具。当您最终运行pip3安装升级pip时，您正在做正确的事情（为python3安装更新，包名为pip）。
对我有用的是卸载并安装pip。
要卸载pip do：
pip uninstall pip
虽然我去了/usr/local/bin并删除了所有带有pip名称的内容：
rm -rf pip*
奇怪的是，有些pip3的东西仍然存在。
然后我使用（不推荐使用的）sudo easy install安装pip：
sudo easy_install pip
虽然这个命令被弃用了，所以必须在mac中做一些其他的事情，但是现在还可以工作（并且让我的jupyter笔记本再次工作，从而解决了这个问题Jupyter笔记本找不到python 3.6的模块）。
如果您注意到站点包路径的差异，您将得到它。
当您使用pip3/usr/local/lib/python3时。6/显示了站点包的路径，即python3。6.
裁判：
(automl) brandomiranda~ ❯ pip3 install ipykernel --upgrade
python3 -m ipykernel install --user
Requirement already up-to-date: ipykernel in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (5.1.3)
当你只使用pip时，你会看到它是python3.7和完全不同的site包路径。
裁判：
(automl) brandomiranda~ ❯ pip install --upgrade pip
Requirement already up-to-date: pip in ./miniconda3/envs/automl/lib/python3.7/site-packages (19.3.1)
所以两者都不同：pip3指向直接系统路径（/usr/local/libdocs），即Python3。6和pip指向虚拟环境的路径（/miniconda3/envs/automl/lib/），其中python3。7已安装。
你需要决定升级和使用哪一个。拥有虚拟环境是最佳实践。
