我只是从Pyomo开始,我有一个大问题。我想创建一个抽象模型,并使用AMPL数据格式来填充它。这个问题是一个典型的交通问题。我需要找到成本的最佳解决方案。M意味着如果在给定的来源地和目的地之间不可能装运,则输入M的大量成本。我需要将其转换为AMPL数据。除此之外,我不知道如何创建这个抽象模型。该表和模型的代码如下所示。同样在读完这个问题后,我创建了如下数学模型。
[我创建的数学模型][1]
[经典运输问题表][2]
from __future__ import division
from pyomo.environ import *
model = AbstractModel()
model.I = Set()
model.J = Set()
model.a = Param(model.I)
model.b = Param(model.J)
model.cost = Param(model.I,model.J)
model.supply = Var(model.I,model.J)
def obj_expression(model):
return sum(model.supply[i,j] * model.cost[i,j] for i in model.I for j in model.J)
model.OBJ = Objective(rule=obj_expression)
def ax_constraint_rule_1(model, i):
return sum(model.supply[i,j] for j in model.J )<= model.a[i]
def ax_constraint_rule_2(model, j):
return sum(model.supply[i,j] for i in model.I )>= model.b[j]
model.AxbConstraint = Constraint(model.I, rule=ax_constraint_rule_1)
model.AxbConstraint_2 = Constraint(model.J, rule=ax_constraint_rule_2)
pyomo solve --solver=glpk test.py transportation_data.dat
model.pprint()
set I := D1 D2 D3 ;
set J := S1 S2 S3 ;
param cost :=
S1 D1 3
S1 D2 1
S2 D1 4
S2 D2 2
S2 D3 4
S3 D2 3
S3 D3 3
;
param b :=
D1 7
D2 3
D3 5 ;
param a:=
S1 5
S2 7
S3 3
;
这个代码有什么帮助吗?在模型创建和AMPL数据构建方面确实需要帮助。
无论如何谢谢你
===============================================================================结果
File "E:/pycharm_project/test.py", line 28
pyomo solve --solver=glpk test.py transportation_data.dat
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax```
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/DoWXA.png
[2]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/Fwmjb.png
嗯,我想你很接近了。你有几件事要清理。
你不需要模式. m
和模式. n
我不确定你在那里尝试做什么。
对于集合I和J,只需将它们列为Set(),因为您正在AMPL数据中为它们提供值。比如:
model.I = Set()
model.J = Set()
在你的公式中,你是双重索引c[i,j],但在你的公式和数据中,c只被模型索引。我
类似地,在你的模型中,你只对一个[i]进行了单一索引,但是你在你的数据和公式中对它进行了双重索引。
在约束中,定义应该只包含“for each”部分的变量,而不是要求和的变量。
把那些东西清理干净,让它旋转一下,如果它仍然坏了,请给我回复。
编辑:还有几项。。。。。
我建议直观地命名参数和集合,例如:
模型。提供
,型号。成本
等使其更易于阅读
============
编辑#2:您的代码清理得到了极大的改进。几个清理项目仍然存在:
在约束中,如果要对另一个变量求和,则只需为方程的“for each”一侧传递变量。您正在制作模型。I
此处的约束,因此这是适当的:
def ax_constraint_rule_1(model, i): # note removal of j
return sum(model.supply[i,j] for j in model.J ) <= model.a[i]
注意这里的求和对于每个i
都超过了j
,所以我也改变了for循环。
翻转另一个约束。
您的a、b、成本、供应
与您的数据名称不一致。全部检查一下。在您的数据中,a
似乎是cost[i,j]
您的成本数据也缺少一些值!
在AMPL语法中,set
不大写。如果你让它运行,它会呕吐并发出错误。
这是我的份数:
from pyomo.environ import *
model = AbstractModel()
# model.m = Param(within=NonNegativeIntegers)
# model.n = Param(within=NonNegativeIntegers)
model.S = Set() # Sources
model.D = Set() # Destinations
model.cost = Param(model.S, model.D) # cost from S->D
model.supply = Param(model.S) # supply at source S
model.demand = Param(model.D) # demad at destination D
model.x = Var(model.S, model.D, domain=NonNegativeReals)
### OBJECTIVE FUNCTION ###
# calculate total cost of decisions
def obj_expression(model):
return sum(model.x[s, d] * model.cost[s, d] for s in model.S for d in model.D)
model.OBJ = Objective(rule=obj_expression)
### CONSTRAINTS ###
# ensure that supply constraint is met for each source in model.S
def supply_constraint(model, s):
return sum(model.x[s, d] for d in model.D ) <= model.supply[s]
# ensure that demand constraint is met for each destination in model.D
def demand_constraint(model, d):
return sum(model.x[s, d] for s in model.S ) >= model.demand[d]
model.sup_constraint = Constraint(model.S, rule=supply_constraint)
model.dem_constraint = Constraint(model.D, rule=demand_constraint)
model.pprint()
数据文件
set D := D1 D2 D3 ;
set S := S1 S2 S3 ;
param cost :=
S1 D1 3
S1 D2 1
S1 D3 10
S2 D1 4
S2 D2 2
S2 D3 4
S3 D1 10
S3 D2 3
S3 D3 3
;
param demand :=
D1 7
D2 3
D3 5 ;
param supply :=
S1 5
S2 7
S3 3
;
输出:
% pyomo solve --solver=glpk transpo_model.py transpo.dat --summary
[ 0.00] Setting up Pyomo environment
[ 0.00] Applying Pyomo preprocessing actions
4 Set Declarations
D : Dim=0, Dimen=1, Size=0, Domain=None, Ordered=False, Bounds=None
Not constructed
S : Dim=0, Dimen=1, Size=0, Domain=None, Ordered=False, Bounds=None
Not constructed
cost_index : Dim=0, Dimen=2, Size=0, Domain=None, Ordered=False, Bounds=None
Virtual
x_index : Dim=0, Dimen=2, Size=0, Domain=None, Ordered=False, Bounds=None
Virtual
3 Param Declarations
cost : Size=0, Index=cost_index, Domain=Any, Default=None, Mutable=False
Not constructed
demand : Size=0, Index=D, Domain=Any, Default=None, Mutable=False
Not constructed
supply : Size=0, Index=S, Domain=Any, Default=None, Mutable=False
Not constructed
1 Var Declarations
x : Size=0, Index=x_index
Not constructed
1 Objective Declarations
OBJ : Size=0, Index=None, Active=True
Not constructed
2 Constraint Declarations
dem_constraint : Size=0, Index=D, Active=True
Not constructed
sup_constraint : Size=0, Index=S, Active=True
Not constructed
11 Declarations: S D cost_index cost supply demand x_index x OBJ sup_constraint dem_constraint
[ 0.29] Creating model
[ 0.32] Applying solver
[ 0.33] Processing results
Number of solutions: 1
Solution Information
Gap: 0.0
Status: feasible
Function Value: 46.0
Solver results file: results.json
==========================================================
Solution Summary
==========================================================
Model unknown
Variables:
x : Size=9, Index=x_index
Key : Lower : Value : Upper : Fixed : Stale : Domain
('S1', 'D1') : 0 : 5.0 : None : False : False : NonNegativeReals
('S1', 'D2') : 0 : 0.0 : None : False : False : NonNegativeReals
('S1', 'D3') : 0 : 0.0 : None : False : False : NonNegativeReals
('S2', 'D1') : 0 : 2.0 : None : False : False : NonNegativeReals
('S2', 'D2') : 0 : 3.0 : None : False : False : NonNegativeReals
('S2', 'D3') : 0 : 2.0 : None : False : False : NonNegativeReals
('S3', 'D1') : 0 : 0.0 : None : False : False : NonNegativeReals
('S3', 'D2') : 0 : 0.0 : None : False : False : NonNegativeReals
('S3', 'D3') : 0 : 3.0 : None : False : False : NonNegativeReals
Objectives:
OBJ : Size=1, Index=None, Active=True
Key : Active : Value
None : True : 46.0
Constraints:
sup_constraint : Size=3
Key : Lower : Body : Upper
S1 : None : 5.0 : 5.0
S2 : None : 7.0 : 7.0
S3 : None : 3.0 : 3.0
dem_constraint : Size=3
Key : Lower : Body : Upper
D1 : 7.0 : 7.0 : None
D2 : 3.0 : 3.0 : None
D3 : 5.0 : 5.0 : None
[ 0.33] Applying Pyomo postprocessing actions
[ 0.33] Pyomo Finished