JSP的MVC开发模式

1 什么是MVC模式

MVC,代表模型(Model),视图(View),控制器(Controller)。这是一种将业务逻辑,表现逻辑和数据分开的设计模式。

控制器充当视图和模型之间的接口。控制器拦截所有传入的请求。

模型代表应用程序的状态,即数据。它还可以具有业务逻辑。

视图即UI(用户界面)。

2 MVC(Model2)模式的优势

  1. 多个视图共享一个模型,大大提高代码的可重用性。
  2. 易于维护的大型应用程序

3 MVC模式的示例

在下面的示例中,我们使用Servlet作为控制器,使用JSP页面作为视图组件,使用Java Bean类作为模型。

3.1 编写index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8" %>
<html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>一点教程网-JSP的MVC模式</title>
</head>
<body>

<form action="ControllerServlet" method="post">
    用户名:<input type="text" name="name"><br>
    密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>

</body>
</html>

3.2 编写User实体类

package com.yiidian;

/**
 * 一点教程网 - http://www.yiidian.com
 */
public class User {
    private String name;
    private String password;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public boolean validate(){
        if(password.equals("admin")){
            return true;
        }
        else{
            return false;
        }
    }
}

3.3 编写ControllerServlet

package com.yiidian;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

/**
 * 一点教程网 - http://www.yiidian.com
 */
public class ControllerServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();

        String name=request.getParameter("name");
        String password=request.getParameter("password");

        User bean=new User();
        bean.setName(name);
        bean.setPassword(password);
        request.setAttribute("bean",bean);

        boolean status=bean.validate();

        if(status){
            RequestDispatcher rd=request.getRequestDispatcher("login-success.jsp");
            rd.forward(request, response);
        }
        else{
            RequestDispatcher rd=request.getRequestDispatcher("login-error.jsp");
            rd.forward(request, response);
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

3.4 编写login-success.jsp

<%@ page  import="com.yiidian.User" contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>一点教程网-JSP的MVC模式</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>你已经成功登录</p>

<%
    User bean=(User) request.getAttribute("bean");
    out.print("欢迎你, "+bean.getName());
%>

</body>
</html>

3.5 编写login-error.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>一点教程网-JSP的MVC模式</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>抱歉! 用户名或密码错误</p>
<form action="ControllerServlet" method="post">
    用户名:<input type="text" name="name"><br>
    密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>

3.6 配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>ControllerServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.yiidian.ControllerServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ControllerServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/ControllerServlet</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

3.7 运行测试

输入错误的密码,显示如下:

输入正确的密码(admin),显示如下:

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