从双向链表末尾删除节点的Java程序
1 简介
在此程序中,我们将创建一个双向链表,并从列表末尾删除一个节点。如果列表为空,则打印消息“列表为空”。如果列表不为空,则尾部的前一个节点将成为列表的新尾部,从而从列表中删除最后一个节点。
在上面的示例中,节点new是列表的结尾。将尾部的前一个节点(即节点4)作为列表的尾部。节点4的下一个将指向null。
2 算法思路
- 定义一个Node类,该类代表列表中的一个节点。它具有三个属性:数据,前一个将指向上一个节点,下一个将指向下一个节点。
- 定义另一个用于创建双向链表的类,它具有两个节点:head和tail。最初,头和尾将指向null。
- deleteFromEnd()将从列表末尾删除一个节点:
- 它首先检查head是否为空(空列表),然后它将从函数返回,因为列表中没有节点。
- 如果列表不为空,它将检查列表是否只有一个节点。
- 如果列表中只有一个节点,则它将head和tail都设置为null。
- 如果列表具有多个节点,则尾部的前一个节点将成为列表的新尾部。
- 此新尾将指向null,因此删除列表的最后一个节点。
- 定义一个新节点“current”,该节点将指向头部。
- 打印current.data直到current指向null。
- 当前将在每次迭代中指向列表中的下一个节点。
3 程序实现
/**
* 一点教程网: http://www.yiidian.com
*/
public class DeleteEnd {
//Represent a node of the doubly linked list
class Node{
int data;
Node previous;
Node next;
public Node(int data) {
this.data = data;
}
}
//Represent the head and tail of the doubly linked list
Node head, tail = null;
//addNode() will add a node to the list
public void addNode(int data) {
//Create a new node
Node newNode = new Node(data);
//If list is empty
if(head == null) {
//Both head and tail will point to newNode
head = tail = newNode;
//head's previous will point to null
head.previous = null;
//tail's next will point to null, as it is the last node of the list
tail.next = null;
}
else {
//newNode will be added after tail such that tail's next will point to newNode
tail.next = newNode;
//newNode's previous will point to tail
newNode.previous = tail;
//newNode will become new tail
tail = newNode;
//As it is last node, tail's next will point to null
tail.next = null;
}
}
//deleteFromEnd() will delete a node from the end of the list
public void deleteFromEnd() {
//Checks whether list is empty
if(head == null) {
return;
}
else {
//Checks whether the list contains only one node
if(head != tail) {
//Previous node to the tail will become new tail
tail = tail.previous;
//Node next to current tail will be made null
tail.next = null;
}
//If the list contains only one element
//Then it will remove node and now both head and tail will point to null
else {
head = tail = null;
}
}
}
//display() will print out the nodes of the list
public void display() {
//Node current will point to head
Node current = head;
if(head == null) {
System.out.println("List is empty");
return;
}
while(current != null) {
//Prints each node by incrementing the pointer.
System.out.print(current.data + " ");
current = current.next;
}
System.out.println();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
DeleteEnd dList = new DeleteEnd();
//Add nodes to the list
dList.addNode(1);
dList.addNode(2);
dList.addNode(3);
dList.addNode(4);
dList.addNode(5);
//Printing original list
System.out.println("Original List: ");
dList.display();
while(dList.head != null) {
dList.deleteFromEnd();
//Printing updated list
System.out.println("Updated List: ");
dList.display();
}
}
}
输出结果为:
Original List:
1 2 3 4 5
Updated List:
1 2 3 4
Updated List:
1 2 3
Updated List:
1 2
Updated List:
1
Updated List:
List is empty
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