创建n个节点的双向链表并计算节点数的Java程序
1 简介
在此程序中,我们将创建一个双向链表,并计算列表中存在的节点数。要对节点进行计数,我们通过将计数器加1来遍历列表。
双向链表上方显示的节点数为5。
2 算法思路
- 定义一个Node类,该类代表列表中的一个节点。它具有三个属性:数据,前一个将指向上一个节点,下一个将指向下一个节点。
- 定义另一个用于创建双向链接列表的类,它具有两个节点:head和tail。最初,头和尾将指向null。
- addNode()将节点添加到列表中:
- 它首先检查head是否为空,然后将节点插入为head。
- 头部和尾部都将指向一个新添加的节点。
- 头的前一个指针将指向空,而尾的下一个指针将指向空。
- 如果head不为null,则新节点将插入列表的末尾,以使新节点的前一个指针指向尾。
- 新的节点将成为新的尾巴。尾巴的下一个指针将指向null。
- 定义一个变量计数器和新临时节点,该临时节点将指向头节点。
- 通过使当前节点指向列表中的下一个节点,直到当前点为空,遍历列表以对节点进行计数。
- 将计数器加1。
- 定义一个新节点“current”,该节点将指向头部。
- 打印current.data直到current指向null。
- 当前将在每次迭代中指向列表中的下一个节点。
3 程序实现
/**
* 一点教程网: http://www.yiidian.com
*/
public class CountList {
//Represent a node of the doubly linked list
class Node{
int data;
Node previous;
Node next;
public Node(int data) {
this.data = data;
}
}
//Represent the head and tail of the doubly linked list
Node head, tail = null;
//addNode() will add a node to the list
public void addNode(int data) {
//Create a new node
Node newNode = new Node(data);
//If list is empty
if(head == null) {
//Both head and tail will point to newNode
head = tail = newNode;
//head's previous will point to null
head.previous = null;
//tail's next will point to null, as it is the last node of the list
tail.next = null;
}
else {
//newNode will be added after tail such that tail's next will point to newNode
tail.next = newNode;
//newNode's previous will point to tail
newNode.previous = tail;
//newNode will become new tail
tail = newNode;
//As it is last node, tail's next will point to null
tail.next = null;
}
}
//countNodes() will count the nodes present in the list
public int countNodes() {
int counter = 0;
//Node current will point to head
Node current = head;
while(current != null) {
//Increment the counter by 1 for each node
counter++;
current = current.next;
}
return counter;
}
//display() will print out the elements of the list
public void display() {
//Node current will point to head
Node current = head;
if(head == null) {
System.out.println("List is empty");
return;
}
System.out.println("Nodes of doubly linked list: ");
while(current != null) {
//Prints each node by incrementing the pointer.
System.out.print(current.data + " ");
current = current.next;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
CountList dList = new CountList();
//Add nodes to the list
dList.addNode(1);
dList.addNode(2);
dList.addNode(3);
dList.addNode(4);
dList.addNode(5);
//Displays the nodes present in the list
dList.display();
//Counts the nodes present in the given list
System.out.println("\nCount of nodes present in the list: " + dList.countNodes());
}
}
输出结果为:
Nodes of doubly linked list:
1 2 3 4 5
Count of nodes present in the list: 5
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