在OS X Java应用程序中处理自定义URL方案
问题内容:
在Info.plist
我们的基于Java的应用程序中包含以下项目:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist SYSTEM "file://localhost/System/Library/DTDs/PropertyList.dtd">
<plist version="0.9">
<dict>
...
<key>CFBundleURLTypes</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>CFBundleURLName</key>
<string>myApp handler</string>
<key>CFBundleURLSchemes</key>
<array>
<string>myapp</string>
</array>
</dict>
</array>
...
</dict>
</plist>
它应该处理类似的网址myapp://foobar/bazz
。打开应用程序工作正常,但是应用程序应如何获得单击的URL?
问题答案:
对于目标C,可以在这里找到答案:通过注册的URL方案启动OSX应用程序时,如何访问完整的URL?
Java的解决方案是将ObjC代码重写为纯C,然后借助下的一组类将其转换为Java org.eclipse.swt.internal.cocoa.*
。
作为ObjC到C转换的参考,我们需要Apple的Objective-
C运行时参考
。
普通C版本
首先,让我们翻译
[[NSAppleEventManager sharedAppleEventManager]
setEventHandler:targetObject
andSelector:@selector(handleAppleEvent:withReplyEvent:)
forEventClass:kInternetEventClass
andEventID:kAEGetURL];
到普通C中。要在普通C中调用ObjC函数,我们使用objc_msgSend()
。此外,@selector(method_footprint)
用代替,用sel_registerName("method_footprint")
查找类objc_getClass()
。类型id
和SEL
等效于指针(例如void
)或完整大小的int(即与void 相同的大小)。
结果:
// id mgr = [NSAppleEventManager sharedAppleEventManager]
SEL sel_ sharedAppleEventManager = sel_registerName("sharedAppleEventManager");
id mgr = objc_msgSend (objc_getClass("NSAppleEventManager"), sharedAppleEventManager);
// and the rest
SEL sel_setEventHandler = sel_registerName("setEventHandler:andSelector:forEventClass:andEventID:");
SEL sel_handleAppleEvent = sel_registerName("handleAppleEvent:withReplyEvent:");
objc_msgSend (mgr, sel_setEventHandler, targetObject, sel_handleAppleEvent, kInternetEventClass, kAEGetURL);
如您所见,我们在这里有两个子例程调用:第一个调用该类的sharedAppleEventManager
消息,从NSAppleEventManager
该类中检索一个单例对象。第二个调用是将setEventHandler
…消息发送到该对象,并传递4个参数(目标对象,目标消息和两个事件说明符)。
回调函数的声明,最初是:
- (void)handleAppleEvent:(NSAppleEventDescriptor *)event withReplyEvent:(NSAppleEventDescriptor *)replyEvent
在纯C中看起来像这样:
void handleAppleEvent (id self, SEL selector, NSAppleEventDescriptor* event, NSAppleEventDescriptor* replyEvent)
这意味着调用该函数时,不仅会发送其对象引用(id),而且还会发送其方法足迹(选择器)。
在ObjC中,回调代码如下所示以获取URL:
NSString url = [[event paramDescriptorForKeyword:keyDirectObject] stringValue];
在纯C中:
id desc_id = objc_msgSend (event_id, sel_registerName("paramDescriptorForKeyword:"), '----');
id url_id = objc_msgSend (desc_id, desc_id, sel_registerName("stringValue"));
仍然缺少一部分:
targetObject
需要在调用上面的代码之前进行初始化,并且handleAppleEvent:withReplyEvent:
需要在该目标对象中创建与足迹匹配的方法,然后将其链接到我们的普通C事件处理程序(handleAppleEvent()
)。
这意味着我们必须创建一个Objective C类,向其添加一个方法,然后为其创建一个对象实例:
// create an NSObject subclass for our target object
char objcClassName[] = "ObjCAppleEventHandler";
id objcClass = objc_allocateClassPair (objc_getClass("NSObject"), objcClassName);
// add the callback method to the class
SEL sel_handleAppleEvent = sel_registerName("handleAppleEvent:withReplyEvent:");
class_addMethod (objcClass, sel_handleAppleEvent, handleAppleEvent, "i@:@@");
// register the class
objc_registerClassPair (objcClass)
// create an object instance
id targetObject = class_createInstance (objcClass, 0);
// ... here follows the above code with the setEventHandler invocation
// (note: `SEL sel_handleAppleEvent` appears twice - the 2nd one can be removed)
到此结束纯C版本。
(注意:上面的代码未经测试就编写,因此可能包含错误。但是,下面的Java代码已经过测试。)
Java版本
从Plain C到Java的转换现在非常简单。
前面提到的ObjC Runtime函数都可以从org.eclipse.swt.internal.cocoa.OS获得。
首先,一些预设:
static final long class_NSAppleEventManager = OS.objc_getClass("NSAppleEventManager");
static final long sel_sharedAppleEventManager = OS.sel_registerName("sharedAppleEventManager");
static final long sel_setEventHandler = OS.sel_registerName("setEventHandler:andSelector:forEventClass:andEventID:");
static final long sel_handleAppleEvent = OS.sel_registerName("handleAppleEvent:withReplyEvent:");
static final long sel_paramDescriptorForKeyword = OS.sel_registerName("paramDescriptorForKeyword:");
static final long sel_stringValue = OS.sel_registerName("stringValue");
static final long kInternetEventClass = 0x4755524C; // 'GURL'
static final long kAEGetURL = 0x4755524C; // 'GURL'
static final long kCoreEventClass = 0x61657674; // 'aevt'
static final long kAEOpenApplication = 0x6F617070; // 'oapp'
static final long kAEReopenApplication = 0x72617070; // 'rapp'
static final long keyDirectObject = 0x2d2d2d2d; // '----'
回调函数:
static long handleAppleEvent (long id, long sel, long event_id, long reply_id) {
// This is a handler for AppleEvents that are registered with [NSAppleEventManager setEventHandler:...]
// It matches this selector (footprint):
// - (void)handleAppleEvent:(NSAppleEventDescriptor *)event withReplyEvent:(NSAppleEventDescriptor *)reply
// Invoke [[event paramDescriptorForKeyword:keyDirectObject] stringValue] to get the direct object containing the URL
long direct_desc_id = OS.objc_msgSend (event_id, sel_paramDescriptorForKeyword, keyDirectObject);
long direct_str_id = OS.objc_msgSend (direct_desc_id, sel_stringValue);
NSString nsStr = new NSString (direct_str_id);
String str = nsStr.getString();
// now 'str' contains the URL
System.out.println ("handleAppleEvent invoked -- argument: "+url);
return 0;
}
和注册回调函数的代码:
// Get access to a callback function for receiving the sel_handleAppleEvent message
aeCallback = new Callback(Main.class, "handleAppleEvent", 4);
long aeProc = aeCallback.getAddress();
// Create a ObjC class that provides a method with the sel_handleAppleEvent footprint
String objcClassName = "ObjCAppleEventHandler";
long objcClass = OS.objc_allocateClassPair(OS.class_NSObject, objcClassName, 0);
OS.class_addMethod(objcClass, sel_handleAppleEvent, aeProc, "i@:@@");
OS.objc_registerClassPair(objcClass);
long objcHandlerInstance = OS.class_createInstance (objcClass, 0);
// Invoke [[NSAppleEventManager sharedAppleEventManager] setEventHandler:objcHandlerInstance andSelector:sel_handleAppleEvent forEventClass:kInternetEventClass andEventID:kAEGetURL]
long sharedAppleEventMgr = OS.objc_msgSend (class_NSAppleEventManager, sel_sharedAppleEventManager);
OS.objc_msgSend (sharedAppleEventMgr, sel_setEventHandler, objcHandlerInstance, sel_handleAppleEvent, kInternetEventClass, kAEGetURL);
剩下要做的就是根据此代码构建应用程序捆绑包,然后将CFBundleURLTypes条目添加到其Info.plist中。
完整的示例源文件可以在这里下载:http : //files.tempel.org/Various/ObjectiveC-
bridging.java.zip